Risk Factors in Preschool Children for Predicting Asthma During the Preschool Age and the Early School Age: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Publisher: Current Science Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101096440 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1534-6315 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15297322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Curr Allergy Asthma Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Philadelphia, PA : Current Science Inc., c2001-

Asthma/*etiology; Asthma/epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cohort Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

Purpose of Review: The aim of this study was to identify risk factors of asthma among children < 6 years old (preschool age) for predicting asthma during the preschool age and early school age (≤ 10 years of age).
Method of the Study: MEDLINE, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases were searched until June 30, 2017. Prospective or retrospective cohort and case-control studies were included. Studies had to have evaluated risk factors or a predictive model for developing asthma in children ≤ 6 years of age or persistent asthma in early school age.
Recent Findings: A total of 17 studies were included in the analysis. Factors associated with developing asthma in children ≤ 10 years of age (both pre-school and early school age) included male gender (pooled OR = 1.70, P < 0.001), atopic dermatitis (pooled OR = 2.02, P < 0.001), a family history of asthma (pooled OR = 2.20, P < 0.001), and serum IgE levels ≥ 60 kU/l or having specific IgE (pooled OR = 2.36, P < 0.001). A history of exposure to smoke or wheezing was also associated with persistent asthma in early school age (pooled OR = 1.51, P = 0.030 and pooled OR = 2.59, P < 0.001, respectively). In general, asthma predictive models (e.g., API, PIAMA, PAPS) had relatively low sensitivity (range, 21% to 71.4%) but high specificity (range, 69% to 98%). The study found that male gender, exposure to smoke, atopic dermatitis, family history of asthma, history of wheezing, and serum IgE level ≥ 60 kU/l or having specific IgE were significantly associated with developing asthma by either preschool or early school age. Asthma predictive models can be developed by those risk factors.

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Keywords: Asthma; Childhood asthma; Persistent asthma; Predictive; Risk factors

Date Created: 20171120 Date Completed: 20180321 Latest Revision: 20220330

20221213

10.1007/s11882-017-0753-7

29151195