Nucleic Acid Aptamers: Emerging Applications in Medical Imaging, Nanotechnology, Neurosciences, and Drug Delivery.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000-

Aptamers, Nucleotide/*chemistry ; Drug Delivery Systems/*methods ; Nanotechnology/*methods ; Neuroprotective Agents/*administration & dosage ; SELEX Aptamer Technique/*methods; Animals ; Aptamers, Nucleotide/pharmacokinetics ; Biosensing Techniques/methods ; Humans

Recent progresses in organic chemistry and molecular biology have allowed the emergence of numerous new applications of nucleic acids that markedly deviate from their natural functions. Particularly, DNA and RNA molecules-coined aptamers-can be brought to bind to specific targets with high affinity and selectivity. While aptamers are mainly applied as biosensors, diagnostic agents, tools in proteomics and biotechnology, and as targeted therapeutics, these chemical antibodies slowly begin to be used in other fields. Herein, we review recent progress on the use of aptamers in the construction of smart DNA origami objects and MRI and PET imaging agents. We also describe advances in the use of aptamers in the field of neurosciences (with a particular emphasis on the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases) and as drug delivery systems. Lastly, the use of chemical modifications, modified nucleoside triphosphate particularly, to enhance the binding and stability of aptamers is highlighted.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Keywords: DNA origami; aptamers; drug delivery; gene regulation; medical imaging; modified triphosphates; neurodegenerative diseases; systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX)

0 (Aptamers, Nucleotide)
0 (Neuroprotective Agents)

Date Created: 20171117 Date Completed: 20180622 Latest Revision: 20240327

20240327

PMC5713398

10.3390/ijms18112430

29144411