Changes in blood morphology and chosen biochemical parameters in ultra-marathon runners during a 100-km run in relation to the age and speed of runners.

Publisher: Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine Country of Publication: Poland NLM ID: 9437093 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1896-494X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 12321087 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Occup Med Environ Health Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: 2015- : Lodz : Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine
Original Publication: Lodz : Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine ; Polish Association of Occupational Medicine, [1994-

Antioxidants/*analysis ; Bilirubin/*blood ; Electrolytes/*blood ; Myoglobin/*blood ; Physical Exertion/*physiology ; Running/*physiology; Adult ; Age Factors ; Athletes ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objectives: The objective of the study was to reveal morphology, electrolyte and chosen biochemical parameters in terms of health risk in runners in reference to their age and running speed in the case of running a distance of 100 km, which occur after 12 h or 24 h of recovery.
Material and Methods: Fourteen experienced, male, amateur, ultra-marathon runners, divided into two age and two speed groups took part in the 100-km run. Blood samples for analyses indexes were collected from the ulnar vein just before the run, after 25 km, 50 km, 75 km and 100 km, as well as 12 h and 24 h after termination of the run.
Results: The sustained ultramarathon run along with the distance covered (p < 0.05) caused an increase in myoglobin (max 90-fold), bilirubin (max 2.8-fold) and total antioxidant status (max 1.15-fold), which also continued during the recovery. Significant changes in the number of white blood cells were observed with each sequential course and could be associated with muscle damage. The electrolyte showed changes towards slight hyperkalemia, but no changes in natrium and calcium concentrations. There were no significant differences between the age and speed groups for all the parameters after completing the 100-km run as well as after 12 h and 24 h of recovery.
Conclusions: Considering changes in blood morphology and chosen biochemical parameters in ultra-marathon runners during a 100-km run it can be stated that such an exhausting effort may be dangerous for human health due to metabolic changes and large damage to the organs. Negative metabolic changes are independent of age of an ultramarathon runner and occur both in younger (32±5.33 years) and older participants (50.56±9.7 years). It can be concluded that organ damage and negative metabolic changes during a 100-km run occur similarly in participants less experienced as well as in well trained runners. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2016;29(5):801-814.
(This work is available in Open Access model and licensed under a CC BY-NC 3.0 PL license.)

Keywords: age and speed differences; liver damage; long distance running; muscle fatigue; total antioxidant status; ultra-marathon

0 (Antioxidants)
0 (Electrolytes)
0 (Myoglobin)
RFM9X3LJ49 (Bilirubin)

Date Created: 20160813 Date Completed: 20170912 Latest Revision: 20170912

20221213

10.13075/ijomeh.1896.00610

27518889