Differential Impacts of Virus Diversity on Biomass Production of a Native and an Exotic Grass Host.

Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science

Biomass* ; Host-Pathogen Interactions*; Plant Viruses/*classification ; Poaceae/*virology; Plant Viruses/physiology ; Species Specificity

Pathogens are common and diverse in natural communities and have been implicated in the success of host invasions. Yet few studies have experimentally measured how pathogens impact native versus exotic hosts, particularly when individual hosts are simultaneously coinfected by diverse pathogens. To estimate effects of interactions among multiple pathogens within host individuals on both transmission of pathogens and fitness consequences for hosts, we conducted a greenhouse experiment using California grassland species: the native perennial grass Nassella (Stipa) pulchra, the exotic annual grass Bromus hordeaceus, and three virus species, Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV, Barley yellow dwarf virus-MAV, and Cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV. In terms of virus transmission, the native host was less susceptible than the exotic host to MAV. Coinfection of PAV and MAV did not occur in any of the 157 co-inoculated native host plants. In the exotic host, PAV infection most strongly reduced root and shoot biomass, and coinfections that included PAV severely reduced biomass. Infection with single or multiple viruses did not affect biomass in the native host. However, in this species the most potentially pathogenic coinfections (PAV + MAV and PAV + MAV + RPV) did not occur. Together, these results suggest that interactions among multiple pathogens can have important consequences for host health, which may not be predictable from interactions between hosts and individual pathogens. This work addresses a key empirical gap in understanding the impact of multiple generalist pathogens on competing host species, with potential implications for population and community dynamics of native and exotic species. It also demonstrates how pathogens with relatively mild impacts independently can more substantially reduce host performance in coinfection.

PLoS One. 2013;8(2):e55675. (PMID: 23468848)
Annu Rev Phytopathol. 1997;35:167-90. (PMID: 15012520)
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jun 5;109(23):9006-11. (PMID: 22615371)
New Phytol. 2013 Jul;199(2):541-549. (PMID: 23594373)
Virology. 1971 Oct;46(1):117-26. (PMID: 5124238)
Am Nat. 2014 Aug;184(2):172-87. (PMID: 25058278)
J Ecol. 2014 Jul;102(4):845-856. (PMID: 25253908)
Integr Comp Biol. 2011 Oct;51(4):540-51. (PMID: 21727178)
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Mar 27;104(13):5473-8. (PMID: 17372211)
Methods Mol Biol. 1998;81:455-60. (PMID: 9760534)
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2011 Aug;11(8):1099-105. (PMID: 21254845)
J Infect Dis. 2005 Feb 1;191(3):410-21. (PMID: 15633101)
J Gen Virol. 1991 Apr;72 ( Pt 4):791-9. (PMID: 2016594)
Ecol Lett. 2010 Oct;13(10):1221-32. (PMID: 20618842)
Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2002;40:13-43. (PMID: 12147753)
Ecology. 2012 Mar;93(3):511-20. (PMID: 22624206)
Am Nat. 2009 Mar;173(3):E79-98. (PMID: 19183066)
Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2006;44:163-82. (PMID: 16602949)
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Jan 15;105(2):566-70. (PMID: 18182496)
New Phytol. 2005 Oct;168(1):217-30. (PMID: 16159335)
New Phytol. 2014 Oct;204(2):424-33. (PMID: 24975238)
Trends Parasitol. 2007 Jun;23(6):284-91. (PMID: 17466597)
Parasitology. 2001;123 Suppl:S57-75. (PMID: 11769293)
Ecology. 2011 Mar;92(3):535-41. (PMID: 21608460)
Virology. 1971 Oct;46(1):127-41. (PMID: 5001358)
Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2003;41:539-66. (PMID: 12730400)

Date Created: 20150801 Date Completed: 20160502 Latest Revision: 20240327

20240327

PMC4521826

10.1371/journal.pone.0134355

26230720