Macrophage polarisation changes within the time between diagnostic biopsy and tumour resection in oral squamous cell carcinomas--an immunohistochemical study.

Publisher: Nature Publishing Group on behalf of Cancer Research UK Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0370635 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1532-1827 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00070920 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Br J Cancer Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: 2002- : London : Nature Publishing Group on behalf of Cancer Research UK
Original Publication: London, Lewis.

Cell Polarity*; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/*immunology ; Macrophages/*physiology ; Mouth Neoplasms/*immunology; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery ; Chemotaxis ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Neoplasms/metabolism ; Mouth Neoplasms/pathology ; Mouth Neoplasms/surgery ; Time Factors

Background: The prognosis of solid malignancies has been shown to depend on immunological parameters, such as macrophage polarisation (M1/M2). Recently, it was reported that preoperative oral surgery leads to a worsening of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) prognosis. Diagnostic incision biopsies are oral surgery procedures that might lead to healing-associated M2 macrophage polarisation with a potential negative influence on tumour biology. No studies have compared macrophage polarisation in OSCC biopsies and tumour specimens.
Methods: Preoperative diagnostic incision biopsies (n=25) and tumour resection specimens (n=34) of T1/T2 OSCC were processed for immunohistochemistry to detect CD68-, CD11c-, CD163- and MRC1-positive cells. Samples were digitised using whole-slide imaging, and the expression of macrophage markers was quantitatively analysed.
Results: Carcinoma tissues obtained during OSCC tumour resections showed a significantly (P<0.05) increased CD163 cell count (M2 macrophages) compared with tissues obtained during preoperative incision biopsies. Additionally, the CD163/CD68 ratio (an indicator of M2 polarisation) was significantly (P<0.05) higher in tumour resection specimens than in biopsies.
Conclusions: This study revealed for the first time an increase in M2 polarisation in samples obtained during OSCC tumour resection surgery compared with preoperative incision biopsies. The biopsy-induced tissue trauma might explain the observed shift in macrophage polarisation towards the tumour-promoting M2 type and could lead to accelerated tumour progression.

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Date Created: 20150626 Date Completed: 20151014 Latest Revision: 20220310

20240829

PMC4522624

10.1038/bjc.2015.212

26110975