Differences in ADHD medication usage patterns in children and adolescents from different cultural backgrounds in the Netherlands.

Publisher: Springer International Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 8804358 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1433-9285 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09337954 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: [Berlin] : Springer International, [c1988-

Culture* ; Ethnicity*; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/*drug therapy ; Central Nervous System Stimulants/*therapeutic use; Adolescent ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/ethnology ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Morocco/ethnology ; Netherlands ; Social Class ; Suriname/ethnology ; Turkey/ethnology ; Withholding Treatment/statistics & numerical data

Purpose: Differences in incidence and prevalence of ADHD medication use between ethnic groups have been reported. Goal of this study was to determine whether there are also differences in usage patterns of ADHD medication among native Dutch children and adolescents and those with a Moroccan, Turkish and Surinam cultural background in the Netherlands between 1999 and 2010.
Methods: In a cohort of ADHD patients <19 years (N = 817) incident use and discontinuation of ADHD medication were measured for ethnicity and adjusted for age, gender and socio-economic status.
Results: A significant higher proportion of ADHD-diagnosed patients from Moroccan (32 %) and Turkish (42 %) cultural background never used ADHD medication compared to Dutch natives (21 %). One-fifth of native Dutch and Turkish patients already used ADHD medication before the ADHD diagnosis date. Discontinuation of ADHD medication within 5 years was significantly higher in Moroccan [HR 2.4 (95 % CI 1.8-3.1)] and Turkish [HR 1.7 (95 % CI 1.1-2.6)] patients. A sensitivity analysis with a zip code-matched comparison between Dutch natives and non-natives showed similar results, suggesting this effect is probably not explained by socio-economic status (SES).
Conclusion: Differences are found in prescribing and use of ADHD medication between patients with a different cultural background. Native Dutch and Turkish patients start more frequently with ADHD medication before the ADHD diagnose date, which can be an indication of differences in either referral patterns and/or access to care. A higher percentage of patients with a Moroccan and Turkish cultural background never start using ADHD medication at all and discontinuation rate is higher compared to Dutch natives and Surinamese.

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0 (Central Nervous System Stimulants)

Date Created: 20150529 Date Completed: 20160106 Latest Revision: 20211203

20231215

10.1007/s00127-015-1068-4

26017546