Condensin confers the longitudinal rigidity of chromosomes.

Publisher: Macmillan Magazines Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100890575 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1476-4679 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14657392 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nat Cell Biol Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : Macmillan Magazines Ltd., [1999-

Adenosine Triphosphatases/*metabolism ; Cell Cycle Proteins/*genetics ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/*genetics ; Chromosome Segregation/*physiology ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Meiosis/*physiology ; Multiprotein Complexes/*metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins/*genetics; Adenosine Triphosphatases/genetics ; Animals ; Chromatids ; Chromosomes/physiology ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Meiosis/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Multiprotein Complexes/genetics ; Oocytes/cytology

In addition to inter-chromatid cohesion, mitotic and meiotic chromatids must have three physical properties: compaction into 'threads' roughly co-linear with their DNA sequence, intra-chromatid cohesion determining their rigidity, and a mechanism to promote sister chromatid disentanglement. A fundamental issue in chromosome biology is whether a single molecular process accounts for all three features. There is universal agreement that a pair of Smc-kleisin complexes called condensin I and II facilitate sister chromatid disentanglement, but whether they also confer thread formation or longitudinal rigidity is either controversial or has never been directly addressed respectively. We show here that condensin II (beta-kleisin) has an essential role in all three processes during meiosis I in mouse oocytes and that its function overlaps with that of condensin I (gamma-kleisin), which is otherwise redundant. Pre-assembled meiotic bivalents unravel when condensin is inactivated by TEV cleavage, proving that it actually holds chromatin fibres together.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interests.

Comment in: Nat Cell Biol. 2015 Jun;17(6):711-3. (PMID: 26022918)
Comment in: Curr Biol. 2015 Aug 3;25(15):R663-6. (PMID: 26241143)

Mol Biol Cell. 2000 Jan;11(1):269-76. (PMID: 10637307)
EMBO J. 2001 Nov 15;20(22):6371-82. (PMID: 11707408)
Cell. 1996 Dec 13;87(6):1103-14. (PMID: 8978614)
Science. 2002 Jul 26;297(5581):559-65. (PMID: 12142526)
Mol Cell. 2003 Mar;11(3):571-5. (PMID: 12667442)
Mol Biol Cell. 2013 Aug;24(16):2515-27. (PMID: 23783031)
Cell. 2011 Aug 19;146(4):568-81. (PMID: 21854982)
Mol Cell Biol. 2005 Oct;25(20):8971-84. (PMID: 16199875)
Genes Dev. 2010 Nov 15;24(22):2505-16. (PMID: 20971813)
Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2013 Nov;20(11):1321-4. (PMID: 24096363)
Cell. 1997 May 16;89(4):511-21. (PMID: 9160743)
Biol Reprod. 2004 Nov;71(5):1469-74. (PMID: 15215191)
Genes Dev. 2011 Jul 15;25(14):1464-9. (PMID: 21715560)
Curr Biol. 2006 Feb 21;16(4):333-44. (PMID: 16488867)
Curr Biol. 2003 Sep 16;13(18):1596-608. (PMID: 13678590)
Science. 1997 Jan 31;275(5300):632-7. (PMID: 9005842)
Curr Biol. 2001 Mar 6;11(5):295-307. (PMID: 11267866)
J Biol Chem. 2004 Feb 13;279(7):5118-26. (PMID: 14660618)
Dev Cell. 2003 Aug;5(2):323-36. (PMID: 12919682)
Mol Biol Cell. 2009 May;20(9):2371-80. (PMID: 19261808)
Nat Cell Biol. 2010 Feb;12 (2):185-92. (PMID: 20081838)
Cell. 1998 Jan 23;92(2):265-77. (PMID: 9458050)
Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2013 Mar;20(3):371-9. (PMID: 23353789)
Exp Cell Res. 1988 Jun;176(2):199-220. (PMID: 3288483)
Dev Cell. 2010 Aug 17;19(2):232-44. (PMID: 20708586)
Cell. 1994 Nov 4;79(3):449-58. (PMID: 7954811)
Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Jan;42(1):340-8. (PMID: 24062159)
Cell. 2003 Oct 3;115(1):109-21. (PMID: 14532007)
Nat Cell Biol. 2006 Oct;8(10):1133-42. (PMID: 16998479)
Genes Dev. 2002 Mar 15;16(6):729-42. (PMID: 11914278)
Curr Top Dev Biol. 2003;55:75-141. (PMID: 12959194)
J Cell Sci. 2004 Dec 15;117(Pt 26):6435-45. (PMID: 15572404)
Genes Dev. 1999 Sep 1;13(17):2271-83. (PMID: 10485849)
Mol Biol Cell. 2011 Sep;22(18):3465-77. (PMID: 21795393)
Annu Rev Genet. 2001;35:673-745. (PMID: 11700297)
Mol Biol Cell. 2002 Feb;13(2):632-45. (PMID: 11854418)
Mol Biol Cell. 2000 Apr;11(4):1293-304. (PMID: 10749930)
Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2011 Jul 17;18(8):894-901. (PMID: 21765419)
EMBO J. 1994 Oct 17;13(20):4938-52. (PMID: 7957061)
Dev Cell. 2013 Nov 25;27(4):469-78. (PMID: 24286828)
Genes Dev. 1995 Mar 1;9(5):587-99. (PMID: 7698648)
Elife. 2013 Nov 05;2:e01133. (PMID: 24192037)

294401 International ERC_ European Research Council; 091859/Z/10/Z United Kingdom WT_ Wellcome Trust; G0701161 United Kingdom MRC_ Medical Research Council; 84673 United Kingdom MRC_ Medical Research Council; United Kingdom WT_ Wellcome Trust; 091859 United Kingdom WT_ Wellcome Trust

0 (Cell Cycle Proteins)
0 (Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone)
0 (DNA-Binding Proteins)
0 (Multiprotein Complexes)
0 (Ncaph2 protein, mouse)
0 (Nuclear Proteins)
0 (condensin complexes)
EC 3.6.1.- (Adenosine Triphosphatases)

Date Created: 20150512 Date Completed: 20150831 Latest Revision: 20230729

20231215

PMC5207317

10.1038/ncb3167

25961503