Comparative experimental subcutaneous glanders and melioidosis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).

Publisher: Wiley Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9014042 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1365-2613 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09599673 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Exp Pathol Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Oxford, OX : Wiley, c1990-

Burkholderia mallei* ; Burkholderia pseudomallei*; Glanders/*microbiology ; Glanders/*pathology ; Melioidosis/*microbiology ; Melioidosis/*pathology; Animals ; Antigens, Bacterial ; Bacterial Load ; Callithrix ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Glanders/mortality ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Male ; Melioidosis/mortality ; Severity of Illness Index

Glanders and melioidosis are caused by two distinct Burkholderia species and have generally been considered to have similar disease progression. While both of these pathogens are HHS/CDC Tier 1 agents, natural infection with both these pathogens is primarily through skin inoculation. The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) was used to compare disease following experimental subcutaneous challenge. Acute, lethal disease was observed in marmosets following challenge with between 26 and 1.2 × 10(8) cfu Burkholderia pseudomallei within 22-85 h. The reproducibility and progression of the disease were assessed following a challenge of 1 × 10(2) cfu of B. pseudomallei. Melioidosis was characterised by high levels of bacteraemia, focal microgranuloma progressing to non-necrotic multifocal solid lesions in the livers and spleens and multi-organ failure. Lethal disease was observed in 93% of animals challenged with Burkholderia mallei, occurring between 5 and 10.6 days. Following challenge with 1 × 10(2) cfu of B. mallei, glanders was characterised with lymphatic spread of the bacteria and non-necrotic, multifocal solid lesions progressing to a multifocal lesion with severe necrosis and pneumonia. The experimental results confirmed that the disease pathology and presentation is strikingly different between the two pathogens. The marmoset provides a model of the human syndrome for both diseases facilitating the development of medical countermeasures.
(© 2014 Crown copyright. International Journal of Experimental Pathology © 2014 Company of the International Journal of Experimental Pathology (CIJEP).)

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Keywords: Burkholderia; animal model; histology

0 (Antigens, Bacterial)

Date Created: 20141206 Date Completed: 20150302 Latest Revision: 20181113

20231215

PMC4285464

10.1111/iep.12105

25477002