A randomized controlled trial of an HIV/AIDS Symptom Management Manual for depressive symptoms.

Publisher: Informa Healthcare Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8915313 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1360-0451 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09540121 NLM ISO Abbreviation: AIDS Care Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: London : Informa Healthcare
Original Publication: Abingdon, Oxfordshire, U.K. : Carfax Pub. Co., c1989-

Self Care*; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*psychology ; Anti-HIV Agents/*therapeutic use ; Antidepressive Agents/*therapeutic use ; Depression/*diagnosis ; HIV Seropositivity/*psychology ; Medication Adherence/*psychology; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology ; Adult ; Aged ; Depression/epidemiology ; Depression/etiology ; Evidence-Based Practice ; Female ; HIV Seropositivity/complications ; HIV Seropositivity/epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Manuals as Topic ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Puerto Rico/epidemiology ; Quality of Life ; Risk Assessment ; South Africa/epidemiology ; United States/epidemiology

Abstract Depressive symptoms are highly prevalent, underdiagnosed, and undertreated in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH), and are associated with poorer health outcomes. This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of the HIV/AIDS Symptom Management Manual self-care symptom management strategies compared with a nutrition manual on depressive symptoms in an international sample of PLWH. The sample consisted of a sub-group (N=222) of participants in a larger study symptom management study who reported depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms of the intervention (n=124) and control (n=98) groups were compared over three months: baseline, one-month, and two-months. Use and effectiveness of specific strategies were examined. Depressive symptom frequency at baseline varied significantly by country (χ (2) 12.9; p=0.04). Within the intervention group there were significant differences across time in depressive symptom frequency [F(2, 207) = 3.27, p=0.05], intensity [F(2, 91) = 4.6, p=0.01], and impact [F(2, 252) = 2.92, p= 0.05), and these were significantly lower at one month but not at two months, suggesting that self-care strategies are effective in reducing depressive symptoms, however effects may be short term. Most used and most effective self-care strategies were distraction techniques and prayer. This study suggests that people living with HIV can be taught and will employ self-care strategies for management of depressive symptoms and that these strategies are effective in reducing these symptoms. Self-care strategies are noninvasive, have no side-effects, and can be readily taught as an adjunct to other forms of treatment. Studies are needed to identify the most effective self-care strategies and quantify optimum dose and frequency of use as a basis for evidence-based practice.

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UL1 RR024989 United States RR NCRR NIH HHS; 1R15NR011130 United States NR NINR NIH HHS; R15 NR011130 United States NR NINR NIH HHS; T32NR007081 United States NR NINR NIH HHS; UL1 RR024131 United States RR NCRR NIH HHS; T32 NR007081 United States NR NINR NIH HHS

0 (Anti-HIV Agents)
0 (Antidepressive Agents)

Date Created: 20120814 Date Completed: 20130926 Latest Revision: 20220409

20231215

PMC3561506

10.1080/09540121.2012.712662

22880943