Understanding ricin from a defensive viewpoint.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101530765 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2072-6651 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20726651 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Toxins (Basel) Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel : MDPI

Chemical Warfare Agents/*poisoning ; Ricin/*poisoning; Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Chemical Warfare Agents/analysis ; Eating ; Humans ; Inhalation Exposure/adverse effects ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Ricin/administration & dosage ; Ricin/analysis

The toxin ricin has long been understood to have potential for criminal activity and there has been concern that it might be used as a mass-scale weapon on a military basis for at least two decades. Currently, the focus has extended to encompass terrorist activities using ricin to disrupt every day activities on a smaller scale. Whichever scenario is considered, there are features in common which need to be understood; these include the knowledge of the toxicity from ricin poisoning by the likely routes, methods for the detection of ricin in relevant materials and approaches to making an early diagnosis of ricin poisoning, in order to take therapeutic steps to mitigate the toxicity. This article will review the current situation regarding each of these stages in our collective understanding of ricin and how to defend against its use by an aggressor.

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Keywords: toxicology of ricin; antibody based tests; detection; ingestion; inhalation; mass spectrometry; parenteral (intramuscular); polymerase chain reaction
Note: Original DateCompleted: 20120130

0 (Chemical Warfare Agents)
9009-86-3 (Ricin)

Date Created: 20111217 Date Completed: 20130528 Latest Revision: 20211021

20231215

PMC3237001

10.3390/toxins3111373

22174975