Emergence of MRSA of unknown origin in the Netherlands.

Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9516420 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1469-0691 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1198743X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Clin Microbiol Infect Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: 2015- : London : Elsevier
Original Publication: Paris : Decker Europe, c1995-

Communicable Diseases, Emerging/*epidemiology ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/*microbiology ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/*isolation & purification ; Staphylococcal Infections/*epidemiology ; Staphylococcal Infections/*microbiology; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bacterial Toxins/genetics ; Community-Acquired Infections/epidemiology ; Community-Acquired Infections/microbiology ; Cross Infection/epidemiology ; Cross Infection/microbiology ; Exotoxins/genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Leukocidins/genetics ; Male ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/classification ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/genetics ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Typing ; Netherlands/epidemiology ; Young Adult

The Netherlands is known for its low methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) prevalence. Yet MRSA with no link to established Dutch risk factors for acquisition, MRSA of unknown origin (MUO), has now emerged and hampers early detection and control by active screening upon hospital admittance. We assessed the magnitude of the problem and determined the differences between MUO and MRSA of known origin (MKO) for CC398 and non-CC398. National MRSA Surveillance data (2008-2009) were analysed for epidemiological determinants and genotypic characteristics (Panton-Valentine leukocidin, spa). A quarter (24%) of the 5545 MRSA isolates registered were MUO, i.e. not from defined risk groups. There are two genotypic MUO groups: CC398 MUO (352; 26%) and non-CC398 MUO (998; 74%). CC398 MUO needs further investigation because it could suggest spread, not by direct contact with livestock (pigs, veal calves), but through the community. Non-CC398 MUO is less likely to be from a nursing home than non-CC398 MKO (relative risk 0.55; 95% CI 0.42-0.72) and Panton-Valentine leukocidin positivity was more frequent in non-CC398 MUO than MKO (relative risk 1.19; 95% CI 1.11-1.29). Exact transmission routes and risk factors for non-CC398 as CC398 MUO remain undefined.
(© 2011 The Authors. Clinical Microbiology and Infection © 2011 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.)

0 (Bacterial Toxins)
0 (Exotoxins)
0 (Leukocidins)
0 (Panton-Valentine leukocidin)

Date Created: 20111005 Date Completed: 20121009 Latest Revision: 20120618

20231215

10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03662.x

21967090