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Exposure to trihalomethanes through different water uses and birth weight, small for gestational age, and preterm delivery in Spain.

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اقرأ على الانترنت اقرأ أكثر حفظ في قائمتي
  • معلومة اضافية
    • Corporate Authors:
      INMA (Infancia y Medio Ambiente) Project
    • المصدر:
      Publisher: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0330411 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1552-9924 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00916765 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Health Perspect Subsets: MEDLINE
    • بيانات النشر:
      Original Publication: Research Triangle Park, N. C. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.
    • الموضوع:
      Infant, Low Birth Weight* ; Infant, Small for Gestational Age*; Environmental Exposure/*analysis ; Premature Birth/*epidemiology ; Trihalomethanes/*analysis ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis; Adult ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Logistic Models ; Models, Theoretical ; Pregnancy ; Spain/epidemiology
    • نبذة مختصرة :
      Background: Evidence associating exposure to water disinfection by-products with reduced birth weight and altered duration of gestation remains inconclusive.
      Objective: We assessed exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs) during pregnancy through different water uses and evaluated the association with birth weight, small for gestational age (SGA), low birth weight (LBW), and preterm delivery.
      Methods: Mother-child cohorts set up in five Spanish areas during the years 2000-2008 contributed data on water ingestion, showering, bathing, and swimming in pools. We ascertained residential THM levels during pregnancy periods through ad hoc sampling campaigns (828 measurements) and regulatory data (264 measurements), which were modeled and combined with personal water use and uptake factors to estimate personal uptake. We defined outcomes following standard definitions and included 2,158 newborns in the analysis.
      Results: Median residential THM ranged from 5.9 μg/L (Valencia) to 114.7 μg/L (Sabadell), and speciation differed across areas. We estimated that 89% of residential chloroform and 96% of brominated THM uptakes were from showering/bathing. The estimated change of birth weight for a 10% increase in residential uptake was -0.45 g (95% confidence interval: -1.36, 0.45 g) for chloroform and 0.16 g (-1.38, 1.70 g) for brominated THMs. Overall, THMs were not associated with SGA, LBW, or preterm delivery.
      Conclusions: Despite the high THM levels in some areas and the extensive exposure assessment, results suggest that residential THM exposure during pregnancy driven by inhalation and dermal contact routes is not associated with birth weight, SGA, LBW, or preterm delivery in Spain.
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    • الرقم المعرف:
      0 (Trihalomethanes)
      0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
    • الموضوع:
      Date Created: 20110804 Date Completed: 20120327 Latest Revision: 20240329
    • الموضوع:
      20250114
    • الرقم المعرف:
      PMC3261969
    • الرقم المعرف:
      10.1289/ehp.1002425
    • الرقم المعرف:
      21810554