SULFATO DE MAGNESIO: 100 años salvando vidas maternas. Un patrimonio científico de la humanidad. (Spanish)

MAGNESIUM SULFATE: 100 years saving maternal lives. A scientific heritage of humanity. (English)

Magnesium sulfate marks 100 years in the medical management of eclampsia. Lazard, starting in May 1924 at the Los Angeles General Hospital, collected clinical evidence of its benefits on the mortality associated with pregnancy convulsions. Doses, regimens, and dilutions were analyzed, revealing therapeutic safety for both mother and fetus. By the end of the 20th century, randomized clinical trials demonstrated the clinical utility of magnesium for the following indications: treatment of eclampsia, prevention of eclampsia, and neurological protection of the brain in preterm infants less than 32 weeks of gestation, among others. This journey has been controversial among many authorities; however, the National University of Colombia and its Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology have defended the Zuspan regimen as the ideal approach for managing these patients since 1982. Through this review, we aim to present all the evidence that has established magnesium as an essential drug for reducing maternal mortality worldwide, especially in developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El Sulfato de Magnesio completa 100 años en el manejo médico de la eclampsia. Lazard, a partir de mayo de 1924, en el Hospital General de los Ángeles, recogió las evidencias clínicas de sus beneficios sobre la mortalidad de la enfermedad convulsiva del embarazo. Se analizaron dosis, esquemas, diluciones, se encontró seguridad terapéutica para la madre y el feto, y finalizando el siglo XX, se realizaron experimentos clínicos aleatorizados que demostraron la utilidad clínica del magnesio para las siguientes indicaciones: tratamiento de la eclampsia, prevención de la eclampsia, protección neurológica del cerebro del prematuro menor de 32 semanas, entre otras. Todo este camino ha sido controvertido por muchas autoridades; sin embargo, la Universidad Nacional de Colombia y su Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología han defendido desde 1982 el esquema Zuspan como el ideal en el manejo de estas pacientes. Con esta revisión queremos mostrar todas las evidencias que han convertido al magnesio en un fármaco indispensable para disminuir la mortalidad materna en todo el mundo, especialmente en los países subdesarrollados. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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