Responses of Petroleum Contamination at Different Sites to Soil Physicochemical Properties and Indigenous Microbial Communities.

Liaoning Sheng (China); Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu (China); Zhejiang Sheng (China)

In order to investigate the response of soil physicochemical properties and indigenous microbial community structures to oil pollution in different regions, and to systematically clarify the commonalities and differences of the effects of external environmental factors on microbial community structure and diversity in oil-contaminated soils around the world, this study collected oil-contaminated and clean soils from four regions in China with distinct geographic locations and climate differences (temperature and rainfall). The total petroleum hydrocarbon content and soil physicochemical properties were analyzed by gas chromatography and conventional chemical testing methods. Meanwhile, 16S rRNA Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology and statistical methods were used to study the microbial community structure composition and diversity of soils at different depths, and the results were compared with literature data from other oil-polluted areas around the world. The results evidenced that oil pollution in different regions would affect soil physicochemical properties, especially total organic carbon. Microbial community analysis showed that external environmental factors had similarity on the phylum level on the microbial community composition and diversity, both dominated by Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. However, there were significant differences at the genus level. The dominant bacterial genera in contaminated soils from Zhejiang (103–130 mg/kg), Liaoning (2640–8660 mg/kg), Guangdong (43–87 mg/kg), and Xinjiang (16–1100 mg/kg) were Lysobacter, Sphingomonas, Burkholderia–Caballeronia–Paraburkholderia, and Nocardioides, respectively. Combined with literature reports, we found that the microbial community composition in oil-polluted soils worldwide (Asia, Europe, North America, South America, Africa, Oceania) is consistent with the results of this study. The microbial community diversity laws of oil-contaminated soils summarized in this study at multiple spatial scales provide information for the biological remediation and microbiological evaluation standards of oil-contaminated soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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