نبذة مختصرة : Simple Summary: As the importance of farming continues to grow, innovative technology and sensors play an increasingly important role. Automation and robots in agriculture have the potential to play a significant role in helping society fulfill its future demands for food supply. Wearable sensors connected to or within cows can monitor eating, rumination, pH, body temperature, laying behavior, animal activity, animal position or placement, and more. Research concentrates on biosensing technologies that have the potential to improve livestock early disease detection, management, and operations. The goals of this study were to investigate the currently available knowledge regarding agricultural innovations and their application tactics, and we intended to give a critical perspective and advance the understanding of what is known and unknown about innovations and dairy cattle. Precision livestock farming has a crucial function as farming grows in significance. It will help farmers make better decisions, alter their roles and perspectives as farmers and managers, and allow for the tracking and monitoring of product quality and animal welfare as mandated by the government and industry. Farmers can improve productivity, sustainability, and animal care by gaining a deeper understanding of their farm systems as a result of the increased use of data generated by smart farming equipment. Automation and robots in agriculture have the potential to play a significant role in helping society fulfill its future demands for food supply. These technologies have already enabled significant cost reductions in production, as well as reductions in the amount of intensive manual labor, improvements in product quality, and enhancements in environmental management. Wearable sensors can monitor eating, rumination, rumen pH, rumen temperature, body temperature, laying behavior, animal activity, and animal position or placement. Detachable or imprinted biosensors that are adaptable and enable remote data transfer might be highly important in this quickly growing industry. There are already multiple gadgets to evaluate illnesses such as ketosis or mastitis in cattle. The objective evaluation of sensor methods and systems employed on the farm is one of the difficulties presented by the implementation of modern technologies on dairy farms. The availability of sensors and high-precision technology for real-time monitoring of cattle raises the question of how to objectively evaluate the contribution of these technologies to the long-term viability of farms (productivity, health monitoring, welfare evaluation, and environmental effects). This review focuses on biosensing technologies that have the potential to change early illness diagnosis, management, and operations for livestock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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