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HIV and SARS-CoV-2 infection in postpartum Kenyan women and their infants.
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- المؤلفون: Begnel, Emily R.1 (AUTHOR) ; Chohan, Bhavna H.1,2 (AUTHOR); Ojee, Ednah3 (AUTHOR); Adhiambo, Judith3 (AUTHOR); Owiti, Prestone3 (AUTHOR); Ogweno, Vincent3 (AUTHOR); Holland, LaRinda A.4 (AUTHOR); Fish, Carolyn S.5 (AUTHOR); Richardson, Barbra A.1,6 (AUTHOR); Khan, Adam K.7 (AUTHOR); Maqsood, Rabia4 (AUTHOR); Lim, Efrem S.4,7 (AUTHOR); Sadarangani, Manish8,9 (AUTHOR); Lehman, Dara A.1,5 (AUTHOR); Slyker, Jennifer1,10 (AUTHOR); Kinuthia, John1,11 (AUTHOR); Wamalwa, Dalton1,3 (AUTHOR); Gantt, Soren12 (AUTHOR)
- المصدر:
PLoS ONE. 1/17/2023, Vol. 17 Issue 1, p1-16. 16p.
- الموضوع:
- معلومة اضافية
- الموضوع:
- نبذة مختصرة :
Background: HIV may increase SARS-CoV-2 infection risk and COVID-19 severity generally, but data are limited about its impact on postpartum women and their infants. As such, we characterized SARS-CoV-2 infection among mother-infant pairs in Nairobi, Kenya. Methods: We conducted a nested study of 62 HIV-uninfected and 64 healthy women living with HIV, as well as their HIV-exposed uninfected (N = 61) and HIV-unexposed (N = 64) infants, participating in a prospective cohort. SARS-CoV-2 serology was performed on plasma collected between May 1, 2020-February 1, 2022 to determine the incidence, risk factors, and symptoms of infection. SARS-CoV-2 RNA PCR and sequencing was also performed on available stool samples from seropositive participants. Results: SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity was found in 66% of the 126 mothers and in 44% of the 125 infants. There was no significant association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and maternal HIV (Hazard Ratio [HR] = 0.810, 95% CI: 0.517–1.27) or infant HIV exposure (HR = 1.47, 95% CI: 0.859–2.53). Maternal SARS-CoV-2 was associated with a two-fold increased risk of infant infection (HR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.08–4.94). Few participants (13% mothers, 33% infants) had symptoms; no participant experienced severe COVID-19 or death. Seroreversion occurred in about half of mothers and infants. SARS-CoV-2 sequences obtained from stool were related to contemporaneously circulating variants. Conclusions: These data indicate that postpartum Kenyan women and their infants were at high risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection and that antibody responses waned over an average of 8–10 months. However, most cases were asymptomatic and healthy women living with HIV did not have a substantially increased risk of infection or severe COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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