When it won't sell stateside.

Publisher: Environmental Action Foundation, etc.] Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9881170 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 0013-922X (Print) Linking ISSN: 0013922X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Aciton

Original Publication: [Takoma Park, Md., etc. Environmental Action Foundation, etc.]

Agriculture* ; Developing Countries* ; Environmental Pollution* ; Evaluation Studies as Topic* ; Food Supply* ; Inorganic Chemicals* ; International Cooperation* ; Legislation as Topic* ; Organic Chemicals* ; Public Policy*; Americas ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Developed Countries ; Economics ; Environment ; Financial Management ; North America ; United States

Indexing Agency: PIP Local ID #: 075436. Indexing Agency: POP Local ID #: 00222670.
Keywords: Agriculture*; Americas; Critique*; Developed Countries; Developing Countries*; Economic Factors; Environment; Environmental Degradation; Environmental Pollution*; Financial Activities; Food Supply*; Foreign Aid*; Ingredients And Chemicals; Inorganic Chemicals*; Legislation*; Macroeconomic Factors; Natural Resources; North America; Northern America; Organic Chemicals*; Policy; Social Policy*; United States
Note: TJ: ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION
Local Abstract: [PIP] The issue of pesticide use and US export of pesticides to developing countries is critically examined. Under the US Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), pesticides must be registered with the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in order to prevent unreasonable adverse effects on humans and the environment. However, exports are not restricted. Compounds such as heptachlor, chlordane, and butachlor which have been banned in the US because of documented adverse effects ("unregistereds") are available for export to any country that does not have any environmental regulatory system for pesticides. This means unrestricted use of unregistereds in many developing countries. FIFRA also has an export provision which stipulates that unregistered pesticides exported must be reported by the manufacturer to EPA. EPA notifies the country of the dangers, and the responsibility ends. However, the US Government Accounting Office in 1989 found that only 10%, by weight and volume, of unregistered exports were checked. A GAO estimate in 1987 suggested that 19% of liquid pesticides were unregistereds and 33% of solid pesticides were unregistereds; the total was 58,000 tons. Pesticide use has increased in developed countries as reported by WHO, but tracking unregistereds from source to final destination is difficult. The harm from pesticide use has been reported by WHO as 1 million persons/year in a 1981 book, "The Circle of Poison." The circle comes back on itself when foreign food products are imported into the US, e.g., 42,000 pounds of Honduran beef arrived with chlordane residues 8 times the US limits and was sold before authorities were alerted. A 1986 GAO report found that maybe 1% of imports are tested. In December 1989 Senator Pete Wilson introduced an amendment to ban exports of unregistered pesticides and provide for an Coalition Against the Misuse of Pesticides position is that there are still too many loopholes, and that Senator Patrick Leahy's draft bill, which bans globally all pesticides banned in the US and requires foreign government approval of a banned pesticide, is preferred. Other restrictions on residues in food are pending also.

0 (Inorganic Chemicals)
0 (Organic Chemicals)

Date Created: 19900301 Date Completed: 19940106 Latest Revision: 20081121

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