Epidemiology and Characteristic of Breast Cancer in CHU Blida, Algeria.

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in female, 7 million women have breast cancer diagnosed each year and in 2012, 6.3 million women living with breast cancer diagnosed in the previous five years. The latest estimates for 2012, the incidence has increased more than 20% and mortality by 14%. It is currently the leading cause of female cancer deaths and the leading cause of death in both developed countries than in developing countries. Global trends show that more generally in developing countrie s by rapid societal and economic transition, the transition to a typical lifestyle in industrialized countries led to an increasing burden of cancers associated with reproductive risk factors, dietary and hormonal. The aim of our study was to determine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of this therapeutic cancer whose incidence is steadily increasing; which led most performed this study. Method: This is a retrospective study in three medical oncology department in Algeria on 552 cases spread over a period two years 2014 - 2015. Results: The age is between 28 and 76 years with an average of 47 years. More than half is (63%) of the patients were aged between 35 and 50 years with a percentage of (41.46%) in premenopausal patients. Just over one third of patients were obese. 4.39% of patients were obese or overweight. (47.56%) for the left breast one unknown case. There were five cases bilateral cancer in our series. Breast tumors were classified clinically times T1-T2 (31.7%), T3-T4 (40.24%) and Tx (28.05%). The mean clinical tumor size was 6 cm. Stages I and II represent 35%%, stage III 34% and IV were 31%. For metastatic patients the most frequent metastasis was estimated bone 10.98% of patients. 5% for lung, liver 3% and 1% for lymph node seat. The most common histological type was ITC to 69.5%, the CLI represented 18.29% of cases. Four rare histologic types (4.87%) and six unknown histologic types (7.31%). Over half of the patients had an SBR grade II (58.54%). Hormone receptors were negative in 19.51%. Patients were HER2 +++ in 14.63%. For triple negative there were nine cases (11.39%). 73.91% of patients had lymph node involvement (N+). For the evaluation of the care of patients. For surgery 12% of the patients had undergone a lumpectomy and 80% radical treatment. 8% were not operated. The type of treatment was in over half the cases adjuvant with 68.29% as the most common protocol 3 FEC100/3Docetaxal. The protocols were anthracycline-based 12% taxanes 7.32%; the combination of both in 66%. Formulated with 2.4% antiangiogenic, anti HER2 6.10%. Discussion: The breast cancer incidence in Algeria is about 10000 new cases per year; 42% have an age between 15 and 44 years and 64% between 15 and 54 years while the peak incidence in Western countries appears relatively late, about 65 years in France. The characteristic of our study are in accordance with its figures their average age was 47 years and 41.46% were premenopausal. Breast cancer in our series affects the young woman, overweight and obesity were found in over half of cases. Locally advanced stages T3-T4 found in 40% of cases with tumor size of 6 cm. Pregnancy was found in 82% of cases with an average number of pregnancy to 4. A little over a quarter of the patients were nulliparous. Two forms of bilateral breast cancer. Conclusion: The increased incidence of breast cancer in Algeria coincides with "Westernization" lifestyle of Algerian women (raising the age at marriage, fewer children, late age at first pregnancy, decreased breastfeeding period, frequent and long oral contraception, increased body mass index). The relatively frequent incidence of breast cancer in women under 40 years is partly explained by the existence of breast cancer history in the family, found in 25% of cases. The breast cancer marked increase in the demand for answers. Its uniqueness among Algerian women raises many particular clinical and epidemiological work to determine its characteristics and therefore adequate support for this deadly disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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