Molecular determinants of sotorasib clinical efficacy in KRAS G12C -mutated non-small-cell lung cancer

Molecular determinants of KRAS(G12C)inhibitor efficacy in KRAS G12C -mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain poorly characterized. Here we report one of the largest integrated analyses to date of sotorasib clinical efficacy biomarkers from the phase 2 CodeBreaK 100 and phase 3 CodeBreaK 200 studies. We reveal differential sotorasib activity and relative benefit compared to docetaxel across KRAS G12C -mutated NSCLC co-mutational subsets and transcriptional subtypes. We also identify low expression of TTF1 and KEAP1 co-mutations/NRF2 activation as major determinants of sotorasib anti-tumor efficacy and adverse prognostic features. Exploratory analyses highlight potential tumor cell-extrinsic contributors to sotorasib anti-tumor activity and suggest that early on-treatment clearance of KRAS G12C - circulating tumor DNA may refine clinical response prediction algorithms. Our findings advance precision medicine for patients with KRAS G12C -mutated NSCLC and establish a framework for patient stratification and selection for treatment intensification with rationally applied therapeutic combinations.