L* Value Increases with Higher Concentrations of Zinc Oxide in Formulations. In vivo: (A) 20% and 30% ZnO test formulations show statistically significant changes in L* values after application in All Volunteers in comparison to 0%, 5%, BM and 10% ZnO test formulations (** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 and **** p < 0.0001, n = 39). (B-D) Light skin (n = 15), medium skin (n = 9) and dark skin pigmentation (n = 15) subcategories show statistically significant changes in L* value after using 20% and 30% ZnO test formulations when compared to test formulations with lower ZnO percentages (0%, 5%, 10%, and BM) (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 and **** p < 0.0001). (E) In vitro: 20% ZnO test formulation shows a statistically significant difference after its application when compared to BM and 0% ZnO formulations (* p < 0.0

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