2024 Baton Rouge chalkbrood early signs and mummy severity.

Pie charts show the percentage of colonies with chalkbrood mummies or early signs (prevalence), and respective boxplots represent the severity of mummies (top row) or early signs (bottom row). The only significant difference between queen lines and chalkbrood mummies was at four days where the Pol-line had significantly lower mummy severity (p = 0.033, ε² = 0.14) and 86.4% lower odds of having chalkbrood mummies. The Pol-line also had significantly lower early sign severity (p = 0.003, η² = 0.30) compared to the Commercial line at four days post challenge ( Table 2 and S4 Table for statistics). Pol = Pol-line, the mite resistant line; Comm = Commercial line bred for hygienic behavior.