Associations between androgen levels and endurance training-induced changes in body composition and physical performance in premenopausal females.

Publisher: published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Physiological Society and The Physiological Society Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101607800 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2051-817X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 2051817X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Physiol Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: [Malden MA] : published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Physiological Society and The Physiological Society, 2013-

Body Composition*/physiology ; Androgens*/blood ; Premenopause*/blood ; Premenopause*/physiology ; Endurance Training*/methods ; Physical Functional Performance*; Testosterone/blood ; Dehydroepiandrosterone/blood ; Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Adult ; Young Adult

We investigated whether a moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) for two menstrual/contraceptive cycles (~8 weeks) alters endogenous androgen concentrations in premenopausal females, and whether baseline androgen concentrations or their changes from baseline to post-intervention are associated with adaptations in body composition and physical performance. Serum total/free testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA-sulfate (DHEA-S), and sex hormone-binding globulin were analyzed in follicular/luteal phases in eumenorrheic females (EUM, n = 18) and in inactive/active phases in combined oral contraceptive users (COC) (n = 8). Fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass, counter movement jump (CMJ), maximal isometric force (Fmax), and aerobic capacity (V̇O2peak) were measured across MICT. Androgen concentrations remained stable from baseline to post-intervention. Body composition remained statistically unchanged, while V̇O2peak increased by 0.05 L·min^-1 from baseline to post-intervention at luteal/active phase (standardized estimate β = 0.16, p = 0.046). Baseline DHEA-S was positively associated with changes (∆) in FFM-adjusted V̇O2peak (β = 0.31, p = 0.026), and ∆DHEA-S was negatively associated with ∆V̇O2peak at follicular/inactive phase (β = -0.55, p = 0.030). Baseline total testosterone (β = -1.86, p = 0.042) and DHEA-S (β = -0.36, p = 0.016) were negatively associated with ∆CMJ at luteal/active phase. These associations were no longer significant after adjusting for FFM and fat mass. Although baseline androgen levels and their changes were not consistently related to body composition or physical performance changes, DHEA-S concentrations may be associated with endurance training-related changes in V̇O2peak.
(© 2026 The Author(s). Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society.)

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OKM/21/626/2021 Opetus- ja Kulttuuriministeriö (Ministry of Education and Culture, Finland); OKM/101/626/2021 Opetus- ja Kulttuuriministeriö (Ministry of Education and Culture, Finland); OKM/82/626/2022 Opetus- ja Kulttuuriministeriö (Ministry of Education and Culture, Finland); Firstbeat Analytics Oy; Suomen Urheilututkimussäätiö

Keywords: DHEA‐S; androgens; combined oral contraceptives; eumenorrheic; female physiology; testosterone

0 (Androgens)
3XMK78S47O (Testosterone)
459AG36T1B (Dehydroepiandrosterone)
0 (Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin)

Date Created: 20260415 Date Completed: 20260415 Latest Revision: 20260418

20260418

PMC13079422

10.14814/phy2.70857

41981769