Curcumin extract improves beta cell functions in obese patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101152213 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1475-2891 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14752891 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nutr J Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, 2002-

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*/drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*/complications ; Curcumin*/pharmacology ; Curcumin*/administration & dosage ; Insulin-Secreting Cells*/drug effects ; Insulin-Secreting Cells*/metabolism ; Blood Glucose*/drug effects ; Blood Glucose*/metabolism ; Obesity*/drug therapy ; Obesity*/complications ; Insulin*/blood ; Insulin Resistance* ; Glycated Hemoglobin* ; Body Mass Index*; Adiponectin/blood ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Plant Extracts/administration & dosage ; Leptin/blood ; Body Weight/drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Double-Blind Method ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Curcuma

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic condition characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin production, leading to elevated blood glucose levels. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound from Curcuma longa, has shown potential in improving insulin sensitivity and reducing blood glucose levels, which may help mitigate type 2 diabetes progression.
Objective: To assess the efficacy of improving type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
Study Design: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial included subjects (n = 272) with criteria for type 2 diabetes.
Methods: All subjects were randomly assigned to receive curcumin (1500 mg/day) or placebo with blind labels for 12 months. To assess the improvement of T2DM after curcumin treatments body weight and body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, β-cell function (homeostasis model assessment [HOMA-β]), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), insulin, adiponectin, and leptin were monitored at the baseline and at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month visits during the course of intervention.
Results: After 12 months of treatment, the curcumin-treated group showed a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose (115.49 vs.130.71; P < 0.05), HbA1c (6.12 vs. 6.47; P < 0.05). In addition, the curcumin-treated group showed a better overall function of β-cells, with higher HOMA-β (136.20 vs. 105.19; P < 0.01) The curcumin-treated group showed a lower level of HOMA-IR (4.86 vs. 6.04; P < 0.001) and higher adiponectin (14.51 vs. 10.36; P < 0.001) when compared to the placebo group. The curcumin-treated group also showed a lower level of leptin (9.42 vs. 20.66; P < 0.001). Additionally, body mass index was lowered (25.9 4 vs.29.34), with a P value of 0.001.
Conclusions: A 12-month curcumin intervention in type 2 diabetes patients shows a significant glucose-lowering effect. Curcumin treatment appeared to improve the overall function of β-cells and reduce both insulin resistance and body weight, with very minor adverse effects. Curcumin intervention in obese patients with type 2 diabetes may be beneficial.
Trial Registration: Thai clinical trials regentrify no.20140303003.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)

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022/2012 Thailand Research Fund; 29/2013 Ministry of Public Health

Keywords: Beta cell functions; Curcumin; Glycemic control; Nutritional supplements; Type 2 diabetes; Weight management

IT942ZTH98 (Curcumin)
0 (Blood Glucose)
0 (Glycated Hemoglobin)
0 (Insulin)
0 (Adiponectin)
0 (Plant Extracts)
0 (Leptin)

Date Created: 20241001 Date Completed: 20241002 Latest Revision: 20250306

20260130

PMC11445938

10.1186/s12937-024-01022-3

39354480