ŽALOVANJE I DEPRESIVNA POZICIJA ILI IMA LI ŽALOVANJA BEZ DEPRESIVNE POZICIJE. (Croatian)

MOURNING AND DEPRESSIVE POSITION OR WHETHER THERE IS MOURNING WITHOUT DEPRESSIVE POSITION. (English)

Mourning is a psychological prerequisite for psychic maturity. Objects of mourning can be persons one has lost, the past, life situations and circumstances. Mourning makes it possible to accept the loss of what has actually already been lost. It is a process of parting with, rejecting and freeing oneself from unrealistic fantasies and illusions about oneself, others and life, in order to accept reality. Mourning is necessary if an individual wants to move on after experiencing loss, and it has adaptive value since it allows the body to compensate for the imbalance that the loss carries along. Regression and destabilization of psychic functioning arise as part of the process of mourning, and if the experience of loss shakes the very foundations of the personality, the previous perception of reality gets disrupted as well. Regression in mourning can sometimes affect all ego functions, and can lead to psychic and psychotic decompensation. The psychodynamic solution to mourning is reached by working through it. There are several psychodynamic explanations of mourning, and most of them refer to or complement Melanie Klein's contributions to the object relations theory. Her explanation of the functioning of the paranoid-schizoid and depressive positions, their lifelong dynamic and dialectical balance, helps us understand both the process of mourning and working through mourning. This paper presents the case report of a patient who reached out to us in order to get psychotherapy treatment, whereby it was established that she experienced mourning that was never completed or, rather, that she never started the process of mourning due to her inability to reach a depressive position. One of the reasons for the above is the patient's personality structure and the fact that she predominantly functions in the paranoid-schizoid position, which over time gave rise to further destabilization, eventually leading to psychoticism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Žalovanje je psihološki preduvjet psihičke zrelosti. Objekti žalovanja mogu biti izgubljene osobe, prošlo vrijeme, životne situacije i okolnosti. Žalovanje omogućuje prihvaćanje gubitka onoga što je zapravo već izgubljeno. Ono je proces rastanka, odbacivanja i oslobađanja od nerealnih fantazija i iluzija o sebi, drugima i životu, a da bi se prihvatila realnost. Žalovanje je nužno ako osoba želi krenuti dalje nakon doživljena gubitka te ima adaptivnu vrijednost jer omogućuje da organizam kompenzira neravnotežu koju gubitak nosi. U procesu žalovanja dolazi do regresije i destabilizacije psihičkog funkcioniranja, a, ako doživljaj gubitka potresa same temelje ličnosti, remeti se i dotadašnja percepcija realnosti. Regresija pri žalovanju pokatkad može zahvatiti sve funkcije ega te dovesti do psihičke i psihotične dekompenzacije. Psihodinamsko rješenje žalovanja dolazi kroz proradu. Postoji nekoliko psihodinamskih objašnjenja žalovanja, a većina se njih osvrće na doprinose Melanie Klein teoriji objektnih odnosa ili je komplementarna njima. U razumijevanju procesa i prorade žalovanje pomaže nam njezino objašnjenje funkcioniranja shizoparanoidne i depresivne pozicije te njihove cjeloživotne dinamičke i dijalektičke ravnoteže. U ovom ću radu prikazati pacijenticu koja se javila na psihoterapijski tretman i u koje je utvrđeno nikada dovršeno ili, bolje rečeno, nikada započeto žalovanje zbog nemogućnosti dosezanja depresivne pozicije. Jedan od razloga za to jest i struktura pacijentičine ličnosti i pretežito funkcioniranje u shizoparanoidnoj poziciji, a u koje je s vremenom došlo do daljnje destabilizacije koja je vodila u psihotičnost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Psihoterapija is the property of Medicinska naklada d.o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)