Musicalizando a Biologia: explora??o de letras musicais sob a perspectiva CTSA na forma??o inicial docente

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A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo geral contribuir com a forma??o inicial de professores em Ci?ncias Biol?gicas acerca do uso da m?sica como recurso did?tico, envolvendo a tem?tica ambiental, explorando-a quanto ao seu potencial cient?fico, tecnol?gico, Social e Ambiental (CTSA), e contribui??es para o letramento cient?fico. O percurso metodol?gico da pesquisa delineou-se por meio da aplica??o de oficinas com licenciandos de Biologia, em encontros presenciais e n?o presenciais, nos quais ocorreram orienta??es te?rico-metodol?gicas sobre a explora??o da m?sica e sua caracteriza??o quanto ao potencial para o ensino de Ci?ncias. Nas oficinas foram utilizadas m?sicas e produzidas par?dias e unidades did?ticas pelos licenciandos, as quais foram avaliadas quanto ? exist?ncia de elementos contidos na perspectiva CTSA. Essa produ??o forneceu subs?dios para avaliar a contribui??o das oficinas para os docentes em forma??o, e evidenciar dificuldades e potencialidades quanto ao uso da m?sica nesta abordagem de ensino. As an?lises das letras musicais, par?dias e unidades did?ticas ocorreram por meio de crit?rios estabelecidos com base em referenciais te?ricos sobre o uso da m?sica como recurso did?tico da abordagem e dom?nios do letramento cient?fico, assim como elementos da an?lise de Bardin Os resultados apontam que as m?sicas possuem potenciais para discutir rela??es entre ci?ncia, tecnologia, ambiente e sociedade, assim como a presen?a de conceitos ecol?gicos, o que mostra potencial para contribuir com a forma??o de conhecimento integral e de sujeitos cientificamente letrados. Em contrapartida, evidenciou-se que os licenciandos apresentaram dificuldades ao explorarem estas rela??es nas letras das can??es e nas constru??es das par?dias e unidades did?ticas, limitando-se aos aspectos conceituais e ao car?ter sensibilizador. Logo, estes resultados refletem a necessidade de inserir o conhecimento e a viv?ncia de recursos did?ticos diferenciados na forma??o inicial de professores de Ci?ncias, fornecendo-lhes subs?dios e orienta??es quanto ao seu uso, na perspectiva de diferentes abordagens de ensino.
The present research aimed the general objective to contribute to the initial teacher training in Biological Sciences about the use of music as a teaching resource involving environmental issues, exploiting it for their potential Science, Technology, Society and Environment (STSE) and contributions to the scientific literacy. The methodological research paths outlined by applying workshops with presential and not presential meetings, in which there were theoretical and methodological guidance on the exploitation of music and characterization of them as to their potential for Science teaching. In the workshops were used songs, produced parodies and teaching units by licensees, which were evaluated for the existence of elements in the STSE perspective. This production has provided subsidies to assess the workshop contribution to the teachers in training, and in the disclosure of difficulties and potentialities as for the use of music in this teaching approach. The analyses of musical lyrics, parodies and teaching units occurred through established criteria based on theoretical references about the use of music as a teaching resource ((FERREIRA, 2010; CORREIA 2003; BARROS et. al, 2013), the STSE approach (AIKENHEAD, 1994; SANTOS, 1999) and scientific literacy domains (SANTOS, 2007; SOARES, 2004; NORRIS e PHILLIPS, 2003), as well as elements of Bardin?s analysis and discourse analysis. The results indicate that the songs have potential to discuss relations amid the science, technology, environment and society,which contributes to the formation of full knowledge and scientifically literate individuals. On the other hand, showed that the licensees had difficulties to explore these relationships in the lyrics of songs and constructions of parodies and teaching units, limiting to the conceptual aspects and the sensitizing character. Therefore, these results reflect the need to integrate knowledge and experience of different teaching resources in the initial training of science teachers by providing the subsidies and guidelines as to its use in the context of different teaching approaches.