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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)
As fontes sonoras propagadas no espa?o urbano, em especial o ru?do gerado pelos ve?culos automotivos, t?m elevado os ?ndices de polui??o sonora nas grandes cidades. Para avalia??o e controle do ru?do ambiental, surgem os mapas sonoros, que permitem representar, mediante as curvas isof?nicas, os n?veis de press?o sonora atuantes no espa?o urbano. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo objetiva avaliar o impacto sonoro provocado pelo ru?do de tr?fego no bairro Castelo Branco, em Jo?o Pessoa/ PB, por meio de simula??es computacionais no software SoundPLAN?. Foram analisadas tr?s situa??es sonoras distintas: cen?rio atual no per?odo de f?rias, cen?rio atual no per?odo de aulas e cen?rio hipot?tico de predi??o para o ano de 2026. Como resultado, observou-se que o bairro est? fragmentado em duas ?reas ac?sticas: a primeira, com ?ndices sonoros mais amenos, ? representada pelo campus da UFPB; a segunda, com n?veis sonoros mais intensos, ? a ?rea de uso predominantemente residencial. Os n?veis sonoros resultantes, nos tr?s cen?rios, nos per?odos matutino e vespertino, encontram-se acima dos valores recomendados pela legisla??o. Houve pouca diferen?a sonora entre o cen?rio atual de f?rias e o de aulas. A morfologia urbana do bairro, em especial a vegeta??o densa e os acentuados desn?veis topogr?ficos, desempenha importante papel de atenua??o sonora. Os pontos cr?ticos de ru?do urbano presentes no Castelo Branco, atingindo 83dB(A), s?o encontrados nas margens da Rodovia BR 230, nas rotat?rias e nas vias arteriais.
The sound sources propagated in the urban space, in particular the noise generated by automotive vehicles, have raised the levels of noise pollution in big cities. For the evaluation and control of the environmental noise, sound maps have appeared, which allows to represent, through the isophonic curves, the sound pressure levels active in the urban space. In this context, the present study aims to evaluate the noise impact caused by traffic noise in the Castelo Branco neighborhood, in Jo?o Pessoa / PB, through computational simulations in SoundPLAN? software. Three different sound situations were analyzed: current scenario in the vacation period, current scenario in the class period and hypothetical scenario of prediction for the year 2026. Three different sound situations were analyzed: current scenario in the vacation period, current scenario in the class period and hypothetical scenario of prediction for the year 2026. As a result, it was observed that the neighborhood is fragmented into two acoustic areas: the first one, with smoother noise levels, is represented by the UFPB campus; The second one, with more intense sound levels, it is the area of predominantly residential use. The resulting sound levels in the three scenarios during the morning and vespertine periods are above the values recommended by the legislation. There was little sound difference between the current holiday and classroom settings. The urban morphology of the neighborhood, especially the dense vegetation and the accentuated topographic differences, plays an important role of sound attenuation. The urban noise critical points, in Castelo Branco, reaching 83dB (A), are found on the edges of the BR 230 highway, in the rotations and in the arterial ways.
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