Examining the pharmacological and psychological treatment of child and adolescent ADHD in Australia: Protocol for a retrospective cohort study using linked national registry data.

Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101552874 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2044-6055 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20446055 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMJ Open Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: [London] : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2011-

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity*/drug therapy ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity*/diagnosis; Adolescent ; Aged ; Child ; Humans ; Australia ; Medicare ; Psychotropic Drugs/therapeutic use ; Registries ; Retrospective Studies

Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder which affects 5% of children globally. In Australia, it is estimated that 4.1% of children and adolescents have ADHD. While research has examined the treatment and outcomes of children with ADHD attending public mental health services during their time in the public system in Australia, it is not known what treatment they received before and after these treatment episodes, which will provide a more complete understanding of these children's treatment journey.
Methods and Analysis: We will link clinical data from cohorts of children and adolescents treated in the public child and youth mental health and/or child development services in Brisbane, Melbourne and Sydney to the Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS), Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) and National Death Index. MBS data will demonstrate the treatment journey with respect to clinicians seen, and treatment episodes from the public health service data sets will be examined to assess if the type and intensity of treatment are related to treatment outcomes. PBS data will reveal all psychotropic medications prescribed, allowing an examination of not just ADHD medications, but also other psychotropics which may indicate co-occurring conditions (eg, anxiety and mood disorders). Statistical analyses will include descriptive statistics to describe the rates of specific medications and clinician specialties seen. Linear and logistic regression will be used to model how treatment and sociodemographic variables relate to routinely collected outcome measures in the public health system while controlling for covarying factors.
Ethics and Dissemination: This study has been approved by the following institutional ethics committees: (1) Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service (HREC/21/QCHQ/76260), (2) The University of Queensland (2021/HE002143) and (3) The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (EO2021/4/1300). Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conferences, professional associations and to public mental health services that treat ADHD.
Competing Interests: Competing interests: DPS: 0.5 full-time equivalent (FTE) salary is funded by the Australian ADHD Professionals Association (AADPA). MAB: President of AADPA; Lead: Australian ADHD Clinical Practice Guideline; fellowship funding: National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia; research support funding: NHMRC and Medical Research Future Fund (MRFF) of Australia; honoraria for speaking at the Brain Science Forum for Autism Spectrum Disorder, Peking University Sixth Hospital. ES: research grant funding: NHMRC, MRFF, Waterloo Foundation and Australian Research Council; book royalties: Elsevier; lecture honoraria: Macquarie University and Australian National Education Summit; travel support: American Professional Society of ADHD and Related Disorders (APSARD) and World Congress on ADHD; Executive Board Member: AADPA. DC: research grant funding: NHMRC; royalties from Oxford University Press and Cambridge University Press; consulting fees: Novartis and Takeda; honoraria for lectures: Medice, Novartis, Takeda and Servier; support for travel: Servier; Board Member: AADPA and European Network for Hyperkinetic Disorders. CM: research grant funding: NHMRC, MRFF, EU Marie Curie European Training Network; Board Member: AADPA.
(© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

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Keywords: Child & adolescent psychiatry; Impulse control disorders; PAEDIATRICS

0 (Psychotropic Drugs)

Date Created: 20221123 Date Completed: 20230630 Latest Revision: 20230630

20240104

PMC9685201

10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064920

36418141