Contributors: Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM); Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière AP-HP; Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universität Bonn = University of Bonn; Center for Economics and Neuroscience, University of Bonn, Bonn (CENs); Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL); Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL); Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut Européen d'administration des Affaires (INSEAD); This research was funded by the Agence Nationale de Recherche (ANR) ERC Tremplin grant to HP and the Ph.D. scholarship awarded by the Health Economics Initiative of Sorbonne University Alliance to M.F., and M.C.S. and A.M. are supported by funding from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, BMBF), grant number: 01EA1707. L.K. is supported by a Starting Grant from the European Research Council (ERC, SOCIALCRAVING, 101041087); European Project: 101041087,SOCIALCRAVING
نبذة مختصرة : International audience ; There is increasing evidence for the role of the gut microbiome in the regulation of socio-affective behavior in animals and clinical conditions. However, whether and how the composition of the gut microbiome may influence social decision-making in health remains unknown. Here, we tested the causal effects of a 7-week synbiotic (vs. placebo) dietary intervention on altruistic social punishment behavior in an ultimatum game. Results showed that the intervention increased participants’ willingness to forgo a monetary payoff when treated unfairly. This change in social decision-making was related to changes in fasting-state serum levels of the dopamine-precursor tyrosine proposing a potential mechanistic link along the gut–microbiota–brain-behavior axis. These results improve our understanding of the bidirectional role body–brain interactions play in social decision-making and why humans at times act “irrationally” according to standard economic theory.
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